vps数据盘、系统盘分区操作：
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[byrd@hk ~]$ sudo bash We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things: #1) Respect the privacy of others. #2) Think before you type. #3) With great power comes great responsibility. [sudo] password for byrd: [root@hk byrd]# Broadcast message from root@hk.t4x.org (/dev/pts/0) at 22:00 ... The system is going down for reboot NOW! Connection closed by foreign host. Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt. Xshell:\> Connecting to 103.243.128.87:3XX97... Connection established. To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'. Last login: Mon May 5 21:40:47 2014 from 1.1.1.1 [byrd@hk ~]$ sudo bash [sudo] password for byrd: [root@hk byrd]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00073ffb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcbc85cc2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root: 8095 MB, 8095006720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 984 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap: 2113 MB, 2113929216 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 257 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@hk byrd]# fdisk /dev/sdb WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-1958, default 1): 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1958, default 1958): +1G Command (m for help): M Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): T Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): 1 Changed system type of partition 1 to 1 (FAT12) Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 2 First cylinder (133-1958, default 133): 133 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (133-1958, default 1958): +7G Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcbc85cc2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb2 133 1047 7349737+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-4): 2 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e Changed system type of partition 2 to 8e (Linux LVM) Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e Partition number (1-4): 1 Partition 1 is already defined. Delete it before re-adding it. Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e Partition number (1-4): 5 Value out of range. Partition number (1-4): 2 Partition 2 is already defined. Delete it before re-adding it. Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e Partition number (1-4): 3 First cylinder (1048-1958, default 1048): Using default value 1048 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1048-1958, default 1958): Using default value 1958 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcbc85cc2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb2 133 1047 7349737+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb3 1048 1958 7317607+ 5 Extended Command (m for help): n Command action l logical (5 or over) p primary partition (1-4) p Selected partition 4 No free sectors available Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x partitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additional information. Syncing disks. [root@hk byrd]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb2 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 文件系统标签= 操作系统:Linux 块大小=4096 (log=2) 分块大小=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 459648 inodes, 1837434 blocks 91871 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 第一个数据块=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1883242496 57 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8064 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632 正在写入inode表: 完成 Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@hk byrd]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb3 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) mkfs.ext4: inode_size (128) * inodes_count (0) too big for a filesystem with 0 blocks, specify higher inode_ratio (-i) or lower inode count (-N). [root@hk byrd]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb3 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) mkfs.ext4: inode_size (128) * inodes_count (0) too big for a filesystem with 0 blocks, specify higher inode_ratio (-i) or lower inode count (-N). [root@hk byrd]# fdisk /dev/sdb WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): d Partition number (1-5): 3 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcbc85cc2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb2 133 1047 7349737+ 8e Linux LVM Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 3 First cylinder (1048-1958, default 1048): Using default value 1048 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1048-1958, default 1958): Using default value 1958 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcbc85cc2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb2 133 1047 7349737+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb3 1048 1958 7317607+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@hk byrd]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb3 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 文件系统标签= 操作系统:Linux 块大小=4096 (log=2) 分块大小=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 457856 inodes, 1829401 blocks 91470 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 第一个数据块=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1874853888 56 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8176 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632 正在写入inode表: 完成 Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@hk byrd]# df -lh 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root 7.5G 3.5G 3.7G 49% / tmpfs 249M 0 249M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot [root@hk byrd]# df 文件系统 1K-块 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root 7781012 3590352 3795396 49% / tmpfs 254584 0 254584 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 495844 31980 438264 7% /boot [root@hk byrd]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00073ffb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcbc85cc2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb2 133 1047 7349737+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb3 1048 1958 7317607+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root: 8095 MB, 8095006720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 984 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap: 2113 MB, 2113929216 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 257 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@hk byrd]# fdisk /dev/sdb WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-4): 3 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e Changed system type of partition 3 to 8e (Linux LVM) Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@hk byrd]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdb3 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) 文件系统标签= 操作系统:Linux 块大小=4096 (log=2) 分块大小=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 457856 inodes, 1829401 blocks 91470 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user 第一个数据块=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=1874853888 56 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8176 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632 正在写入inode表: 完成 Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成 Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成 This filesystem will be automatically checked every 28 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override. [root@hk byrd]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00073ffb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcbc85cc2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb2 133 1047 7349737+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb3 1048 1958 7317607+ 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root: 8095 MB, 8095006720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 984 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap: 2113 MB, 2113929216 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 257 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@hk byrd]# cd /dev/sda2 bash: cd: /dev/sda2: 不是目录 [root@hk byrd]# ll /dev/sda2 brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 5月 5 22:01 /dev/sda2 [root@hk byrd]# partprobe Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sda (设备或资源忙). As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot. [root@hk byrd]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_cloud System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 3 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 2 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 9.51 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 2434 Alloc PE / Size 2434 / 9.51 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID aCGg1q-jFG3-v3qC-1TY0-ELpR-o7o3-jxoZmz [root@hk byrd]# df 文件系统 1K-块 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root 7781012 3590360 3795388 49% / tmpfs 254584 0 254584 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 495844 31980 438264 7% /boot [root@hk byrd]# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 497 187 309 0 2 122 -/+ buffers/cache: 62 434 Swap: 2015 0 2015 [root@hk byrd]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00073ffb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcbc85cc2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb2 133 1047 7349737+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb3 1048 1958 7317607+ 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root: 8095 MB, 8095006720 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 984 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap: 2113 MB, 2113929216 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 257 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@hk byrd]# cat /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Mon Apr 8 00:57:21 2013 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=63f656e2-4a3c-4b34-a59e-13358830e87b /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 [root@hk byrd]# :q bash: :q: command not found [root@hk byrd]# swapo swapoff swapon [root@hk byrd]# swapoff Usage: swapoff -a [-v] disable all swaps swapoff [-v] <special> disable given swap swapoff -h display help swapoff -V display version The <special> parameter: {-L label | LABEL=label} LABEL of device to be used {-U uuid | UUID=uuid} UUID of device to be used <device> name of device to be used <file> name of file to be used [root@hk byrd]# swapoff a swapoff: a: swapoff failed: 没有那个文件或目录 [root@hk byrd]# swapoff /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap [root@hk byrd]# lvre lvreduce lvremove lvrename lvresize [root@hk byrd]# lvremove Please enter one or more logical volume paths Run `lvremove --help' for more information. [root@hk byrd]# lvremove --help lvremove: Remove logical volume(s) from the system lvremove [-A|--autobackup y|n] [-d|--debug] [-f|--force] [-h|--help] [--noudevsync] [-t|--test] [-v|--verbose] [--version] LogicalVolume[Path] [LogicalVolume[Path]...] [root@hk byrd]# lvremove /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap Do you really want to remove active logical volume lv_swap? [y/n]: y Logical volume "lv_swap" successfully removed [root@hk byrd]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_cloud System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 9.51 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 2434 Alloc PE / Size 1930 / 7.54 GiB Free PE / Size 504 / 1.97 GiB VG UUID aCGg1q-jFG3-v3qC-1TY0-ELpR-o7o3-jxoZmz [root@hk byrd]# lvextend -L 1.97G /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root Rounding size to boundary between physical extents: 1.97 GiB New size given (505 extents) not larger than existing size (1930 extents) Run `lvextend --help' for more information. [root@hk byrd]# lvextend -L 2G /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root New size given (512 extents) not larger than existing size (1930 extents) Run `lvextend --help' for more information. [root@hk byrd]# lvextend --help lvextend: Add space to a logical volume lvextend [-A|--autobackup y|n] [--alloc AllocationPolicy] [-d|--debug] [-f|--force] [-h|--help] [-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]] {-l|--extents [+]LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|LV|PVS|FREE|ORIGIN}] | -L|--size [+]LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]} [-m|--mirrors Mirrors] [--nosync] [--use-policies] [-n|--nofsck] [--noudevsync] [-r|--resizefs] [-t|--test] [--type VolumeType] [-v|--verbose] [--version] LogicalVolume[Path] [ PhysicalVolumePath... ] [root@hk byrd]# lvextend -L +100%FREE /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root Invalid argument for --size: +100%FREE Error during parsing of command line. [root@hk byrd]# lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root Extending logical volume lv_root to 9.51 GiB Logical volume lv_root successfully resized [root@hk byrd]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_cloud/lv_root LV Name lv_root VG Name vg_cloud LV UUID KIAvQH-uqD9-CjNo-lyjd-Znq4-xyZf-9UBjF7 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time cloud, 2013-04-08 00:56:35 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 9.51 GiB Current LE 2434 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 [root@hk byrd]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_cloud System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 5 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 9.51 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 2434 Alloc PE / Size 2434 / 9.51 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID aCGg1q-jFG3-v3qC-1TY0-ELpR-o7o3-jxoZmz [root@hk byrd]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root 7.5G 3.5G 3.7G 49% / tmpfs 249M 0 249M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot [root@hk byrd]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1 Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root to 2492416 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root is now 2492416 blocks long. [root@hk byrd]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root 9.4G 3.5G 5.5G 39% / tmpfs 249M 0 249M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot [root@hk byrd]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00073ffb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcbc85cc2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb2 133 1047 7349737+ 8e Linux LVM /dev/sdb3 1048 1958 7317607+ 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root: 10.2 GB, 10208935936 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1241 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@hk byrd]# fdisk /dev/sdb WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): m^Hq^C [root@hk byrd]# gfdisk /dev/sdb bash: gfdisk: command not found [root@hk byrd]# cfdisk /dev/sdb Disk has been changed. WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.x partitions, please see the cfdisk manual page for additional information. [root@hk byrd]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00073ffb Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1306 9972736 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/sdb: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xcbc85cc2 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1 1959 15728608+ 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root: 10.2 GB, 10208935936 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1241 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 [root@hk byrd]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 WARNING: swap signature detected on /dev/sdb1. Wipe it? [y/n] y Wiping swap signature on /dev/sdb1. Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created [root@hk byrd]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda2 VG Name vg_cloud PV Size 9.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 2434 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 2434 PV UUID dtK0fn-wMNW-wB8L-ueXq-H3Ad-cek9-5wCgac "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "15.00 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb1 VG Name PV Size 15.00 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID rb1M7k-g0HW-lHpb-rCbx-Uz5b-tXOn-2JEx52 [root@hk byrd]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_cloud System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 5 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 9.51 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 2434 Alloc PE / Size 2434 / 9.51 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID aCGg1q-jFG3-v3qC-1TY0-ELpR-o7o3-jxoZmz [root@hk byrd]# vgextend vg_cloud /dev/sdb1 Volume group "vg_cloud" successfully extended [root@hk byrd]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_cloud System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 6 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 24.50 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 6273 Alloc PE / Size 2434 / 9.51 GiB Free PE / Size 3839 / 15.00 GiB VG UUID aCGg1q-jFG3-v3qC-1TY0-ELpR-o7o3-jxoZmz [root@hk byrd]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_cloud/lv_root LV Name lv_root VG Name vg_cloud LV UUID KIAvQH-uqD9-CjNo-lyjd-Znq4-xyZf-9UBjF7 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time cloud, 2013-04-08 00:56:35 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 9.51 GiB Current LE 2434 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 [root@hk byrd]# lvextend -l +14G /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root Invalid argument for --extents: +14G Error during parsing of command line. [root@hk byrd]# lvextend x--help Please specify either size or extents but not both. Run `lvextend --help' for more information. [root@hk byrd]# lvextend --help lvextend: Add space to a logical volume lvextend [-A|--autobackup y|n] [--alloc AllocationPolicy] [-d|--debug] [-f|--force] [-h|--help] [-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]] {-l|--extents [+]LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|LV|PVS|FREE|ORIGIN}] | -L|--size [+]LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]} [-m|--mirrors Mirrors] [--nosync] [--use-policies] [-n|--nofsck] [--noudevsync] [-r|--resizefs] [-t|--test] [--type VolumeType] [-v|--verbose] [--version] LogicalVolume[Path] [ PhysicalVolumePath... ] [root@hk byrd]# lvextend -L 14G /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root Extending logical volume lv_root to 14.00 GiB Logical volume lv_root successfully resized [root@hk byrd]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_cloud/lv_root LV Name lv_root VG Name vg_cloud LV UUID KIAvQH-uqD9-CjNo-lyjd-Znq4-xyZf-9UBjF7 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time cloud, 2013-04-08 00:56:35 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 14.00 GiB Current LE 3584 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 [root@hk byrd]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_cloud System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 7 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 24.50 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 6273 Alloc PE / Size 3584 / 14.00 GiB Free PE / Size 2689 / 10.50 GiB VG UUID aCGg1q-jFG3-v3qC-1TY0-ELpR-o7o3-jxoZmz [root@hk byrd]# lvextend -L 23.5G /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root Extending logical volume lv_root to 23.50 GiB Logical volume lv_root successfully resized [root@hk byrd]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_cloud System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 8 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 24.50 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 6273 Alloc PE / Size 6016 / 23.50 GiB Free PE / Size 257 / 1.00 GiB VG UUID aCGg1q-jFG3-v3qC-1TY0-ELpR-o7o3-jxoZmz [root@hk byrd]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_cloud/lv_root LV Name lv_root VG Name vg_cloud LV UUID KIAvQH-uqD9-CjNo-lyjd-Znq4-xyZf-9UBjF7 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time cloud, 2013-04-08 00:56:35 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 23.50 GiB Current LE 6016 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 [root@hk byrd]# lvcreate --help lvcreate: Create a logical volume lvcreate [-A|--autobackup {y|n}] [-a|--activate [a|e|l]{y|n}] [--addtag Tag] [--alloc AllocationPolicy] [-C|--contiguous {y|n}] [-d|--debug] [-h|-?|--help] [--ignoremonitoring] [--monitor {y|n}] [-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]] {-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|PVS|FREE}] | -L|--size LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]} [-M|--persistent {y|n}] [--major major] [--minor minor] [-m|--mirrors Mirrors [--nosync] [{--mirrorlog {disk|core|mirrored}|--corelog}]] [-n|--name LogicalVolumeName] [--noudevsync] [-p|--permission {r|rw}] [-r|--readahead ReadAheadSectors|auto|none] [-R|--regionsize MirrorLogRegionSize] [-T|--thin [-c|--chunksize ChunkSize] [--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}] [--poolmetadatasize MetadataSize[bBsSkKmMgG]]] [--thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume{Name|Path}] [-t|--test] [--type VolumeType] [-v|--verbose] [-Z|--zero {y|n}] [--version] VolumeGroupName [PhysicalVolumePath...] lvcreate { {-s|--snapshot} OriginalLogicalVolume[Path] | [-s|--snapshot] VolumeGroupName[Path] -V|--virtualsize VirtualSize} {-T|--thin} VolumeGroupName[Path][/PoolLogicalVolume] -V|--virtualsize VirtualSize} [-c|--chunksize] [-A|--autobackup {y|n}] [--addtag Tag] [--alloc AllocationPolicy] [-C|--contiguous {y|n}] [-d|--debug] [--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}] [-h|-?|--help] [--ignoremonitoring] [--monitor {y|n}] [-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]] {-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|FREE|ORIGIN}] | -L|--size LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]} [--poolmetadatasize Size[bBsSkKmMgG]] [-M|--persistent {y|n}] [--major major] [--minor minor] [-n|--name LogicalVolumeName] [--noudevsync] [-p|--permission {r|rw}] [-r|--readahead ReadAheadSectors|auto|none] [-t|--test] [--thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume[Path]] [-v|--verbose] [--version] [PhysicalVolumePath...] [root@hk byrd]# lvcreate -l +100%FREE -Cy vg_cloud lv_swap Physical Volume "lv_swap" not found in Volume Group "vg_cloud" [root@hk byrd]# lvcreate -l +100%FREE -Cy vg_cloud -n lv_swap Logical volume "lv_swap" created [root@hk byrd]# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_cloud/lv_root LV Name lv_root VG Name vg_cloud LV UUID KIAvQH-uqD9-CjNo-lyjd-Znq4-xyZf-9UBjF7 LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time cloud, 2013-04-08 00:56:35 +0800 LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 23.50 GiB Current LE 6016 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/vg_cloud/lv_swap LV Name lv_swap VG Name vg_cloud LV UUID eLmu4B-2g3P-bM90-b0wO-UJyW-LNF1-N3Wl2l LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time hk.t4x.org, 2014-05-05 22:44:40 +0800 LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 1.00 GiB Current LE 257 Segments 1 Allocation contiguous Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:1 [root@hk byrd]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg_cloud System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 9 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 2 Open LV 1 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 24.50 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 6273 Alloc PE / Size 6273 / 24.50 GiB Free PE / Size 0 / 0 VG UUID aCGg1q-jFG3-v3qC-1TY0-ELpR-o7o3-jxoZmz [root@hk byrd]# vim /etc/fstab [root@hk byrd]# swapon /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap swapon: /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap: read swap header failed: 无效的参数 [root@hk byrd]# mkswap /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap mkswap: /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap: warning: don't erase bootbits sectors on whole disk. Use -f to force. Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1052668 KiB no label, UUID=9664825a-ab76-488f-b7f3-fa95159dbaa1 [root@hk byrd]# swapon /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_swap [root@hk byrd]# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 497 196 301 0 7 126 -/+ buffers/cache: 62 435 Swap: 1027 0 1027 [root@hk byrd]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root 9.4G 3.5G 5.5G 39% / tmpfs 249M 0 249M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot [root@hk byrd]# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 497 196 301 0 7 126 -/+ buffers/cache: 62 435 Swap: 1027 0 1027 [root@hk byrd]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root is mounted on /; on-line resizing required old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 2 Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root to 6160384 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root is now 6160384 blocks long. [root@hk byrd]# df -h\ > ^C [root@hk byrd]# df -h 文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用%% 挂载点 /dev/mapper/vg_cloud-lv_root 24G 3.5G 19G 16% / tmpfs 249M 0 249M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 32M 428M 7% /boot [root@hk byrd]# free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 497 200 296 0 11 126 -/+ buffers/cache: 62 434 Swap: 1027 0 1027 [root@hk byrd]# watch -n 1 -d date [root@hk byrd]# |
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